• A common feature of ferroptosis is

  2022-03-23

  

  A common feature of ferroptosis is the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid-ROS and the subsequent depletion of polyunsaturated fatty casr phospholipids (PUFA-PLs) [118]. The PUFA chains of membrane lipids are more susceptible to both enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation, which results in PUFA frag

• The apparent lack of effect of Fas

  2022-03-23

  

  The apparent lack of effect of Fas deficiency on MAV-1 replication in infected mice could be due to immunoevasion by virus inhibition of Fas activation. If that were the case, Fas deficiency would likely have minimal additional effect. HAdV infection triggers Fas internalization from the cell membra

• Among the isoforms of heme oxygenases HO HO

  2022-03-23

  

  Among the 3 isoforms of heme oxygenases (HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3), HO-1 expression is inducible, and it catalyzes the degradation of heme to biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO) and free Fe. The Fe is then stored in ferritin, limiting its ability to participate as a catalyst through the Fenton reaction and

• Following nerve injury Shh expression is upregulated in neur

  2022-03-23

  

  Following nerve injury, Shh expression is upregulated in neuronal cell bodies of the facial and sciatic nerves. Additionally, Shh appears to be required for normal regeneration in vivo, and promotes motor neuron survival in vitro (Martinez et al., 2015; Akazawa and Kohsaka, 2007). Based on these obs

• br S proteins and HBV

  2022-03-23

  

  S proteins and HBV-induced autophagy HBV surface proteins (S proteins or HBs) are reported to trigger HBV-induced autophagy by inducing ER stress and UPR in host Vicriviroc maleate receptor [22]. HBx and HBV-induced autophagy HBx is a multifunctional viral protein. It can regulate virus repli

• Oxytocin br GSK Glycogen synthase kinase GSK is a

  2022-03-23

  

  GSK-3 Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is a ubiquitous serine/threonine kinase that is involved in multiple signaling pathways that are crucial for cellular metabolism and proliferation (Doble and Woodgett, 2003, Frame and Cohen, 2001, Grimes and Jope, 2001, Woodgett, 1990). GSK-3 is known to d

• br Conclusions br Introduction G protein coupled receptors G

  2022-03-22

  

  Conclusions Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) share common structural motifs, including seven transmembrane helices, and the ability to activate heterotrimeric G proteins such as Gs, Gi, Gq and G12/13. A variety of GPR cellular functions are mediated by second messengers such as

• Salicylic acid synthesis The atherosclerosis development req

  2022-03-22

  

  The atherosclerosis development requires additional pro-inflammatory response in the vascular tissue, promoting increased levels of adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1). Cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β are able to upre

• Crystal structures from soluble E constructs Khan et al Kong

  2022-03-22

  

  Crystal structures from soluble E2 constructs (Khan et al., 2014; Kong et al., 2013) have revealed globular protein with no regular structure in spite of having eight disulphide bonds (Kong et al., 2013). Although 62% of the protein exists in loops or disordered structures, overall it was well-defin

• In summary activated A AR exacerbated the reverse transport

  2022-03-22

  

  In summary, activated A2AR exacerbated the reverse transport function of endothelial EAATs through a direct or indirect pathway depending on PKA and glutamate levels in response to OGD in vitro, but A2AR inhibition quickly restored the normal transport function. Moreover, the key mechanisms by which

• The EEGs of these six patients interestingly showed focal

  2022-03-22

  

  The EEGs of these six patients interestingly showed focal, multi-focal and generalized spikes, which was an exclusion criteria in our study as we selected our cohort to exclusively represent focal epilepsy. Remarkably all of these cases were diagnosed with paroxysmal exercise-induced dyskinesia (PED

• Bacterial GluRS comes in two flavors discriminatory

  2022-03-22

  

  Bacterial GluRS comes in two flavors, discriminatory GluRS (D-GluRS) and non-discriminatory GluRS (ND-GluRS). While D-GluRS exclusively catalyses the transfer of Glu to tRNAGlu, the ND-GluRS can also glutamylate tRNAGln forming Glu-tRNAGln. The misacylated product is then transformed to Gln-tRNAGln

• proteasome inhibitor br Glucocorticoid receptor and metaboli

  2022-03-22

  

  Glucocorticoid receptor and metabolic syndrome GCs acting through the GR regulate key enzymes of glucose metabolism in the liver, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the pancreas. In the liver, GCs regulate the expression of major gluconeogenic enzymes such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, g

• As cardiovascular disease accounts for the majority of death

  2022-03-22

  

  As cardiovascular disease accounts for the majority of deaths in subjects with T2D, it is imperative that we better characterize the cardiovascular risks and benefits of the various therapies we prescribe to these individuals to control their glycemia. Indeed, the potential to identify subsets of di

• Here we used a designer

  2022-03-22

  

  Here, we used a designer receptors activated exclusively by designer drugs (DREADD)-based chemogenetic approach in a novel Ghsr-IRES-Cre knock-in mouse line to test whether the activity of MBH GHSR neurons is required for the normal rebound food intake following fasting. We also used the Ghsr-IRES-C

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