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Gene expression of both GPR A and GPR in
2021-09-29
Gene expression of both GPR109A and GPR81 in adipocytes has been linked to PPARγ activation [22]. Treatment with the thiazolidinedione (TZD) PPARγ agonist, rosiglitazone, increases GPR109A and GPR81 expression, and knockdown of PPARγ suppresses receptor expression in fully differentiated human multi
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Xie et al b reported that
2021-09-29
Xie et al. (2009b) reported that the combination of diagnostic ultrasound impulses and cyclic RGD-bearing MBs targeted for GP IIb/IIIa resulted in the successful recovery of epicardial and microvascular blood flow in swine models with acute thrombotic occlusion. It is well known that the stability o
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br Author s contributions br Conflict
2021-09-29
Author's contributions Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by a grant from Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India (Sanction Order No.: BT/563/NE/U-Excel/2016). MC, PDG and SKM acknowledge the Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD)
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Instead our results reveal that autophagy controls the membr
2021-09-29
Instead, our results reveal that autophagy controls the membrane association of the cargo-selective SNX-BAR retromer assembly (comprised of the VPS35/29/26 trimer in association with SNX1/2 and SNX5/6), which has been demonstrated to promote GLUT1 surface recycling. Accordingly, GLUT1 localization i
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Such responses have led to the idea
2021-09-29
Such responses have led to the idea that elasmobranchs may be glucose intolerant. However, certain species, such as the North Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi; note that the species used in this study was previously referred to as Squalus acanthias but a study by Ebert et al. (2010) provided
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It is widely acknowledged that a significant gap exists betw
2021-09-28
It is widely acknowledged that a significant gap exists between the increasingly detailed knowledge of subcellular mechanisms and the ability to control large-scale anatomy. Radical advances in regenerative medicine require approaches aimed at taming the fundamental complexity of cellular regulation
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The precise mechanism by which erastin inhibits SLC A mediat
2021-09-28
The precise mechanism by which erastin inhibits SLC7A11-mediated cystine import it still unknown. The initially proposed mechanism, by which erastin binds a related transport protein, SLC7A5, and inhibits SLC7A11 in trans [25], was revised soon after, and it was suggested that erastin inhibits SLC7A
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Contrary to the transient nature of
2021-09-28
Contrary to the transient nature of signal transmission through PLCβ, genome-wide RNAi screens revealed that the signaling events driven by Gαq that result in aberrant cell proliferation depends on highly specific protein-protein interactions, rather than solely on diffusible second messenger system
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br Introduction It is well known that conventional
2021-09-28
Introduction It is well known that conventional cancer treatment strategies, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy all have their own limitations, which lead to an unsatisfactory therapeutic effect. Under this situation, the combination of two or more therapeutic strategies has recently
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The balance and composition of the gut microflora can be
2021-09-28
The balance and composition of the gut microflora can be altered by the use of antibiotics or by colonization of the intestine by pathogens. This change may also induce, or be induced by, modifications in the body’s immune response, ultimately leading to disease. Thus, when intestinal homeostasis is
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Furthermore increased plasma levels of endoglin have been as
2021-09-28
Furthermore, increased plasma levels of endoglin have been associated with diabetic complications (Valbuena-Diez et al., 2012). The involvement of soluble endoglin in a number of widespread pathologies demonstrates that endoglin is not only marker of endothelial integrity but also a causative factor
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Apart from the different assays used biased agonism could
2021-09-28
Apart from the different assays used, biased agonism could also explain the inconsistent pharmacology of GPR55. Indeed, one study compared the effect of LPIs and Virodhamine in HEK293 L-685,458 australia stably transfected with human GPR55. They found that the effect of both ligands on intracellula
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Our data for glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicate
2021-09-28
Our data for glucose and insulin tolerance tests indicate that niacin-induced hyperglycemia is proportional to the degree of insulin resistance induced, implying that there is deterioration in islet function with niacin treatment (McCulloch et al., 1991). In this regard, we have demonstrated, for th
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The glycolytic activator phosphofructo kinase fructose bisph
2021-09-27
The glycolytic activator 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) is well-known as a downstream substrate of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway [5,6]. Tumor hypoxia has long been associated with increased malignancy, poor prognosis and drug resistance. HIF-
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The HCV NS A protease consists of
2021-09-27
The HCV NS3/4A protease consists of two subunits, NS3 and NS4A. NS3 comprises an N-terminal serine protease domain and a C-terminal RNA helicase domain [12]. NS4A acts as a cofactor, which ties the holoenzyme complex to an intracellular membrane compartment. The presence of the central region of NS4
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