• Several studies have shown that independently of body weight

  2020-12-07

  

  Several studies have shown that, independently of body-weight control, the central actions of leptin improve glycemic control in obese diabetic rat and mouse models [62]. For instance, restoration of OB-Rb expression in OB-Rb-deficient mice, and in particular in POMC neurons, was sufficient to norma

• br Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates

  2020-12-07

  

  Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatment is widely used in the biofuel, textile and food industries since the substrates are always difficult to degrade. During some enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, the protective layer of the substrate impedes the reaction. Ultrasonic treatme

• Introduction With an annual world production of around milli

  2020-12-07

  

  Introduction With an annual world production of around 750 million tons, wheat is grown on more agricultural area than any other food crop and is the main source of plant protein in human nutrition [1,2]. Wheat is composed of 8–15% protein, from which 85–90% is gluten [3]. The unique viscoelastic a

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2020-12-07

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we employed a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS)-based metabolomic approach to profile GEF metabolism and bioactivation in human and mouse liver microsomes. Metabolomic approaches rendered us readily screen out the GEF-rel

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2020-12-07

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Studies have suggested that the Hh signaling pathway, which plays as an essential autocrine viability factor for MFBs [10], [11], is a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. Previously reported works have proven the effectiveness of the Hh

• Developmental relationships between CD bright and

  2020-12-07

  

  Developmental relationships between CD56bright and CD56dim NK motilin receptor remain unresolved; however, several studies indicate that the former is a precursor of the latter. An NK subset with intermediate features between CD56bright and CD56dim has been identified, corroborating this developmen

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments We thank S Tan

  2020-12-07

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments We thank S. Tangye and A. Swarbrick for helpful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript; K. Wood, T. Camidge, and V. Turner for technical assistance; C. Brownlee for cell sorting; the staff of the Garvan Institute Biological Testing Facility f

• Introduction Innate lymphoid cells ILCs

  2020-12-07

  

  Introduction Innate lymphoid e3 ligases (ILCs) are recently described immune cells of lymphoid origin and include cytotoxic natural killer (NK) cells and interleukin-7 receptor alpha (also known as CD127)+ subsets, which, similar to T helper (Th) lymphocytes, can be distinguished on the basis of s

• We found that the postnatal absence

  2020-12-07

  

  We found that the postnatal absence of norepinephrine yields differing effects depending on noradrenergic receptor type and xmu synthesis region. The density of α1-AR, indicated by [3H]prazosin binding was similar between Dbh+/− and Dbh−/− mice except for a significant increase in hippocampus in Db

• The Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

  2020-12-07

  

  The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important farmed fish with an XX/XY sex-determining system. The availability of the whole genome sequence of tilapia and tissue transcriptomes (Brawand et al., 2014), together with its gonadal transcriptomes at different developmental stages (Tao et al.

• Our finding that activating DDR variants are a cause

  2020-12-07

  

  Our finding that activating DDR2 variants are a cause of this disease suggested that the ABL inhibitor dasatinib, a leukemia drug that also inhibits DDR2, could be used for treatment of affected individuals.10, 11 To examine the effect of dasatinib on p.Leu610Pro- and p.Tyr740Cys-induced autophospho

• The annotation is arguably the most important part of analys

  2020-12-07

  

  The annotation is arguably the most important part of analysis, as it enables one to evaluate and interpret the content of the transcriptome assembly. In this context, the non-redundant contigs were initially run in BLAST against the Nr database showing that 55% of them displayed high similarity to

• In astrocytes mitogen activated protein

  2020-12-07

  

  In astrocytes, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are activated after OGD-induced ischemic injury (Yung and Tolkovsky, 2003, Niu et al., 2009) and they regulate induction of AQP expression (Arima et al., 2003, McCoy and Sontheimer, 2010). It is well known that MAPKs, including extracellular s

• br Introduction Benzanthrone BNZ is a dye intermediate used

  2020-12-07

  

  Introduction Benzanthrone (BNZ) is a dye intermediate used in the synthesis of number of polycyclic vat and disperse dyes. It has been detected as an environmental pollutant in urban ambient air particulates, originating from furnace effluents, municipal refuge, wood and coal combustion and autom

• The early serologic response of infants

  2020-12-04

  

  The early serologic response of infants to infection with HIV-1 is obscured by the presence of transplacentally acquired maternal HIV antibody. However, the HIV Penciclovir produced in vitro by peripheral blood from infants has been studied (Pollack et al., 1993) and it has been shown that neonatal

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